However each experiment has certain things in common:

• blood samples are taken
  measure:
  1. plasma concentrations of Na+, K+, Cl-, HCO3-, creatinine.
  2. plasma osmolality


• urine samples are taken
  measure:
  1. urine volume
  2. urine osmolality
  3. urine output of Na+, K+, Cl-, HCO3-, creatinine, total solute.