Effect of pithing

You will be presented with responses to noradrenaline (5 nmole/kg), vasopressin (40 nmole/kg) and sympathetic stimulation (frequency 5 Hz; width 0.5 msec; voltage 6 V; duration 15 sec) in a normal animal and then with responses to noradrenaline (5 nmole/kg), vasopressin (40 nmole/kg) and sympathetic stimulation after the animal has been pithed.

Note the resting values for heart rate and blood pressure before and after pithing. Measure the maximum changes in systolic blood pressure and in heart rate induced by the drugs and by electrical stimulation before and after pithing and compare these in a bar graph.